登陆注册
4699400000218

第218章

Throughout the remainder of Queen Elizabeth's reign Catholics in England were not allowed to enjoy peace or respite. If priests, they were by that very fact liable to be hunted down and condemned as traitors; if they were laymen of substance, they were beggared by heavy fines imposed for non-attendance at the English service, or punished by imprisonment, and if they were too poor to pay a fine they could be driven from the kingdom for refusing to conform. Apart altogether from the immense sums levied on Catholics by fines and forfeitures, and from the number of people who died in prison either from confinement or torture, one hundred and eighty-nine were put to death for the faith under Elizabeth, one hundred and twenty-eight of whom were priests; and yet, notwithstanding this persecution, Catholics were still comparatively strong at the death of Elizabeth, and the supply of clergy showed no signs of being exhausted. Over three hundred and sixty priests were in England attending to the wants of their co-religionists in 1603.

Unfortunately the dissensions among the Catholic party in England and on the Continent did more harm to their cause than Elizabeth's persecutions. The close co-operation of Allen and Persons with Spanish political designs for the overthrow of Elizabeth and the invasion of England was as distasteful to a large body of the lay Catholics in England as it was to many of the clergy.[39] Though serious disputes had broken out long before, it was only after the death of Cardinal Allen in 1594 that the crisis reached a head. Many of the secular clergy objected warmly to the influence of the Jesuits, and ugly controversies broke out in England and in the English colleges abroad.

Persons and his friends were supposed to be plotting in favour of the succession of a Catholic to the throne on the death of Elizabeth, while most of their opponents favoured the succession of James VI. of Scotland, from whom they expected at least toleration. To put an end to what the latter regarded as the excessive authority of the Jesuits they insisted on the appointment of a bishop who would take charge of English affairs, but for various reasons the Holy See refused to yield to their request. As a compromise, however, George Blackwell was appointed archpriest (1598) with secret instructions, it was said, to consult Garnet, the Jesuit superior in England. The selection was singularly unfortunate, as neither from the point of view of prudence nor of reliability was Blackwell fitted for the extremely delicate position which he was called upon to fill. The seculars refused at first to obey his authority and appealed again to the Pope, who confirmed the appointment. As many of the seculars were still unwilling to yield some of the leaders were censured by the archpriest. A new appeal was forwarded to Rome. In 1602 Clement VIII.

issued a document upholding the authority of the archpriest, and, while firmly defending the Jesuits against the charges that had been made against them, warned Blackwell that he should not take his instructions from any person except from the Pope or the Cardinal Protector of England.[40] This controversy could not be kept a secret.

It was known to the entire Catholic body, and it was used with great force and success by their opponents. The government took sides with the secular clergy and offered them facilities for carrying their appeals to Rome, but news of the secret negotiations between the seculars and the authorities having been divulged Elizabeth issued a new proclamation (1602) in which she announced that she had never any intention of tolerating two religions in England.[41] The Jesuits and their adherents were commanded to quit the kingdom within thirty days, and their opponents within three months under penalty of treason. To give effect to this proclamation a new commission with extraordinary powers was appointed to secure the banishment of the Catholic clergy.

同类推荐
  • The Jimmyjohn Boss and Other Stories

    The Jimmyjohn Boss and Other Stories

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 春暮思平泉杂咏二十

    春暮思平泉杂咏二十

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 途次大梁雪中奉天平

    途次大梁雪中奉天平

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 送房杭州

    送房杭州

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 又示宗武

    又示宗武

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
热门推荐
  • 达瓦央宗

    达瓦央宗

    诗人扎西东珠与他的妻子达瓦央宗住在龙布嘉措家中已经快两个星期了。这对年轻夫妻来自卓尼县,这次是专程到黑错市看望龙布嘉措来的。扎西东珠三十岁,其貌不扬,但在当地文学界,已有响亮的声名。他的妻子达瓦央宗二十四岁,这位来自卓尼县城里的藏族女孩,虽然已有身孕,小腹微微隆起,但依旧眉目如画,浑身散发着异域的阳光,美得像一朵带露的玫瑰。而五十六岁的老画家龙布嘉措,虽然刚刚从文联主席的位置上退下来,但仍旧是黑错文艺界元老级的人物,始终挺着笔直的腰板,眯着深邃的眼睛。他的妻子杨格桑四十有六,戴着一幅金边玳瑁眼镜,身材丰满,雍容华贵,仿佛五月的牡丹。
  • 重生荣耀:国服最强是女生

    重生荣耀:国服最强是女生

    【2018王者荣耀文学大赛·征文参赛作品】喜欢的人为了KPL总冠军,利用她废掉哥哥的手,也害她出车祸身亡。重生一世,她势必替哥哥拿回冠军,将害过他们的人踩在脚下。当所有男生都嘲讽女大学生的时候,她用实力宣布:国服最强只有两种,一种是她想要的,一种是她不想要的!容祁月:那我想要的呢?顾北北:……男神想要的,那必须让啊!
  • V星王子甜蜜入侵Ⅱ

    V星王子甜蜜入侵Ⅱ

    “你一辈子都要戴着它,它是属于你的!”黑夜中,我被一个神秘男生莫名其妙的戴上一只设有密码戒指不说,还糊里糊涂的跟我说了一大堆奇怪的话!本以为只是遇到一个疯子帅哥而已,却没想到,翌日,他居然成为了我的同桌。不仅如此,他还当众扬言要取代我未婚夫的位置,惹得全校的师生把再次把我莫筱塔当成一个水性杨花的女生!“莫筱塔,我——沐熙辰,发誓一定会住进你的心!”他自大的演讲之后,竟然还拉起我带着密码戒指的那只手,当着我的未婚夫大声宣布:“钟离旭,你看着吧,终有一天,我要她的心里时时刻刻都想着我。即使,你们最终还是在一起的!”他的出现是处心积虑的阴谋,还是另有隐情?真相即将浮出水面……一切的一切,只因我的爱人并非地球人,而是——外星人!
  • 影帝家有小娇妻

    影帝家有小娇妻

    帅气影帝有三不:不拍吻戏;不拍床戏;如非特别需要,不会夜不归宿。这是为啥嘞?因为影帝家有小娇妻!顾影帝最吸引人的不只是他那张帅的惊天动地的脸,还有就是他那戴在左手无名指上低调奢华却又精致的银制婚戒!当顾喵儿作为一只猫的时候,她最喜欢的是顾奕箫!当顾喵儿变成人的时候,她最喜欢的还是顾奕箫!
  • 修炼从斗破苍穹开始

    修炼从斗破苍穹开始

    系统在手,天下我有,少年身怀万能系统,从斗破苍穹开始修炼,这是一个现代人在异界修行的故事……
  • 反派又又又重生了

    反派又又又重生了

    (1V1,双洁。)腹黑竹马:我从来不把你当兄弟,而把你当成老婆。傲娇皇帝:太傅犯了欺君之罪,就罚你成为朕的皇后。霸道校草:我允许你喜欢我。病娇少爷:我的世界一片黑暗,你是唯一的光明。闷骚弟弟:姐姐看过我摸过我,就要负责。容柒:这个我要解释一下,你一个两岁的毛都没长齐的小屁孩,摸你一下怎么了?MMP,总有那么一个智障对本宝宝心怀不轨!系统:MD,这样的傻屌写出来的小说不扑街,我就是个狗!容柒:你说什么,再说一遍?系统:汪!
  • 家常汤煲精选128例

    家常汤煲精选128例

    《美食天下第1辑:家常汤煲精选128例》精选了128道家常汤煲,并且按照所选食材分为农校畜肉汤、美味禽蛋汤、鲜香水产汤、营养菌豆汤、清新蔬果,详细的介绍了煲汤的技巧,,只要掌握了这些技巧,您也可以煲出一碗好汤。每款菜品的食材简单易得,做法说明文字非常详细,让读者一看就懂。
  • 大漠狼孩

    大漠狼孩

    胡喇嘛村长带猎队灭了母狼家族,哺乳期的母狼叼走无辜者——我的弟弟小龙哺养成狼孩;我从胡喇嘛棍棒下救出母狼的另一只小狼崽秘密养大;于是,人与兽的生存对换,还能是原来的人与兽吗?父亲苏克历尽艰辛寻找爱子小龙,与母狼、盗贼、恶劣的环境展开了大智大勇的殊死搏杀,在古城废墟中披狼皮装狼数年想办法与狼孩接近,然而诱捕回来的儿子已然不是原先的儿子,完全是一只心属荒野嗜血成性的半人半兽!被我养大的狼崽白耳,通人性而机智勇敢、复仇心很强,多次同灭绝狼族的胡喇嘛等人发生冲突, 展开复仇厮杀,死里逃生,可回到荒野时母狼不接纳它这被人类养大的“逆子”!
  • 重生之毒后当道

    重生之毒后当道

    前世她温存善良,却处处受辱,她忍辱负重,助太子登上天子之位,却惨遭诬陷,换来满门抄斩的下场,她心有不甘,发誓做厉鬼也不会放过他们。一朝醒来,她浴火重生,以血起誓,同魔鬼签订了契约,对前世负她之人,她决意要他们一个个血债血偿……
  • 程锡的故事

    程锡的故事

    杨一宸,92年生人,青春作家,热爱生活、热爱行走。本书围绕着主人公程锡展开的系列的青春故事。作者作为新兴的青春作家,字里行间都焕发着青春的活力,把“90后”这个群体的喜怒哀乐,描写的淋漓尽致。