[2] "The Revolution，" II.， pp.298-304， and p. 351. Should the foregoing testimony be deemed insufficient， the following， by those foreigners who had good opportunities for judging， may be added：
(Gouverneur Morris， letter of December 3， 1794.) "The French are plunged into an abyss of poverty and slavery， a slavery all the more degrading because the men who have plunged them into it merit the utmost contempt."- Meissner， "Voyage à Paris，" (at the end of 1795，)p. 160. "The (revolutionary) army and the revolutionary committees were really associations organized by crime for committing every species of injustice， murder， rapine， and brigandage with impunity.
The government had deprived all men of any talent or integrity of their places and given these to its creatures， that is to say， to the dregs of humanity." - Baron Brinckmann， Chargé d'Affaires from Sweden.
(Letter of July 11， 1799.) "I do not believe that the different classes of society in France are more corrupt than elsewhere； but Itrust that no people may ever be ruled by as imbecile and cruel scoundrels as those that have ruled France since the advent of its new state of freedom. . . The dregs of the people， stimulated from above by sudden and violent excitement， have everywhere brought to the surface the scum of immorality."[3] Fleury， "Babeuf，" 139， 150. - Granier de Cassagnac， "Histoire du Directoire，" II.， 24-170. - (Trial of Babeuf， passim.) The above quotations are from documents seized in Babeuf's house， also from affidavits made by witnesses， and especially by captain Grizel.
[4] Moniteur， session of September 5， 1793. "Since our virtue， our moderation， our philosophic ideas， are of no use to us， let us be brigands for the good of the people； let us be brigands！"[5] Babeuf， "Le Tribun du Peuple，" No.40. Apologia for the men of September， "who have only been the priests， the sacrificers of a just immolation for public security. If anything is to be regretted it is that a larger and more general Second of September did not sweep away all starvers and all despoilers."[6] Granier de Cassagnac， II.， 90. (Deposition of Grisel.) Rossignol said， "That snuff-box is all I have left， here it is so that I may exist." - "Massard owned a pair of boots which he could not collect because he had no money with which to pay the shoemaker."[7] Archives Nationales， Cf. 31167. (Report of Robin， Niv？se 9.)：
"The women always had a deliberative voice in the popular assemblies of the Pantheon section，" and in all the other clubs they attended the meetings.
[8] Moniteur， XIX.， 103. (Meeting of the Jacobin club， Dec. 28， 1793.) Dubois-Crancé introduces the following question to each member who is subjected to the weeding-out vote： "What have you done that would get you hung in case of a counter revolution？"[9] Ibid.， XVII.， 410. (Speech by Maribon-Montaut， Jacobin club， Brumaire 21， year II.)[10] Dauban， "Paris in 1794，" 142. (Police report of Vent？se 13， year II.)[11] Morellet， " Mémoires，" II. 449.
[12] Dauban， ib.，， 35. (Note drawn up in January， 1794， probably by the physician Quêvremont de Lamotte.) - Ibid.， 82. - Cf. Morellet， II.， 434-470. (Details on the issue of certificates of civism， in September， 1793.)[13] Archives Nationales， F.7， 31167. (Report by Latour-Lamontagne， Vent？se 1， year II.)： " It is giving these associations too much influence； it is destroying the jurisdiction of the general assemblies (of the section.) We find accordingly， that these are being deserted and that the plotters and intriguers succeed in making popular clubs the centers of public business in order to control affairs more easily."[14] Dauban， ibid.， 203. (Report by Bacon-Tacon， Ventose 19.) "In the general assembly of the Maison Commune section all citizens of any rank in the companies have been weeded out. The slightest stain of incivism， the slightest negligence in the service， caused their rejection. Out of twenty-five who passed censorship-nineteen at least were rejected. . . .Most of them due to their trade such as eating-house keeper， shoe-maker， cook， carpenter， tailor etc."[15] Ibid.， 141. (Report by Charmont， Vent？se 12.) - Ibid， 140.
"There is only one way， it is said at the Café des Grands Hommes， on the boulevard， to keep from being arrested， and that is to scheme for admission into the civil and revolutionary committees when there happens to be a vacancy. Before salaries were attached to these places nobody wanted them； since that， there are disputes as to who shall be appointed."[16] Ibid.， 307. (Report of Germinal 7.)[17] Wallon， " Histoire du Tribunal Revolutionaire，" IV.， 129.
[18] Archives Nationales， AF.， II.， 46. (Act of the Committee of Public Safety， Prairial 15.)： "Citizens Pillon， Gouste and Né， members of the Revolutionary committee of the Marat section， are removed.
Their duties will be performed by citizens Martin， Majon and Mirel.
Mauvielle， rue de la Liberté， No. 32， is appointed on the said Revolutionary Committee to complete it， as it was only composed of eleven members." - And other similar acts.
[19] Duverger， decree of Frimaire 14， year II. "The application of revolutionary laws and measures of general security and public safety is confided to the municipalities and revolutionary committees." See， in chapter II.， the extent of the domain thus defined. It embraces nearly everything. It suffices to run through the registers of a few of the revolutionary committees， to verify this enormous power and see how they interfere in every detail of individual life[20] Archives Nationales， F.7， 31167. (Report， Niv？se 1， year II.， by Leharival.)[21] Dauban， "Paris en 1794，" 307. (Report of March 29， 1794.) It here relates to the "Piques" Section， Place Vendome.
