曲者,词之变。自金、元入主中国,所用胡乐,嘈杂凄紧,缓急之间,词不能按,乃更为新声以媚之。而诸君如贯酸斋、马东篱、王实甫、关汉卿、张可久、乔梦符、郑德辉、宫大用、白仁甫辈,咸富有才情,兼喜声律,以故遂擅一代之长。所谓“宋词、元曲”,殆不虚也。但大江以北,渐染胡语,时时采入,而沈约四声遂阙其一。东南之士未尽顾曲之周郎,逢掖之间,又稀辨挝之王应。稍稍复变新体,号为“南曲”。高拭则成,遂掩前后。大抵北主劲切雄丽,南主清峭柔远,虽本才情,务谐俚俗。譬之同一师承,而顿、渐分教;俱为国臣,而文、武异科。今谈曲者往往合而举之,良可笑也。弇州山人王世贞着。*
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