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第12章

/Obverse/

Sumer.Dialect Sumer.Standard Common Explanation (Semit.or Sumer.)1.Dimmer Dingir ?lu God.

2.U-kiEn-ki ê-a êa or Aa.

3.Ga?an(?)-ki Nin-ki Dawkina Dauké, the consort of êa.

4.Mu-ul-lil En-lil-la Bêl The God Bel.

5.E-lum A-lim Bêl 6.Ga?an(?)-lilNin-lil-la dam-bi sal Bel's consort.

7.U-lu-a Ni-rig ênu-rê?tu The god of Niffer.

8.U-lib-a Ni-rig ênu-rê?tu9-12 have ênu-rê?tu's consort, sister, and attendant.

13.U-?ab-sib En-?ag-duga Nusku Nusku14-19 have two other names of Nusku, followed by three names of his consort.A number of names of minor divinities then follow.At line 43 five names of êa are given, followed by four of Merodach:--48.U-bi-lu-lu En-bi-lu-lu Marduk Merodach 49.U-Tin-dir kiEn-Tin-dir ki Marduk Merodach as "lord of Babylon."50.U-dimmer-an-kia En-dinger-an-kiaMarduk Merodach as "lord god of heaven and earth."51.U-ab-?ar-u En-ab-?ar-u Marduk Merodach, apparently as "lord of the 36,000 steers."52.U-bar-gi-si Nin-bar-gi-si Zer-pan?tum Merodach's consort.

53.Ga?an-abzu Nin-abzudam-bi sal "the Lady of the Abyss," his consort.

The remainder of the obverse is mutilated, but gave the names of Nebo in Sumerian, and apparently also of Ta?mêtum, his consort.The beginning of the reverse also is mutilated, but seems to have given the names of the sun-god, ?ama?, and his consort, followed by those of K?ttu and Mê?arum, "justice and righteousness," his attendants.Other interesting names are:

/Reverse/

8.U-libir-si En-ubar-si Dumu-zi Tammuz 9.Sir-tumuSir-du ama Dumuzi-gi the mother of Tammuz 12.Ga?an-anna Innanna I?tar I?tar (Venus) as "lady of heaven."20.Nin-si-anna Innanna mul I?tar the star (the planet Venus).

21.Nin Nin-tag-tagaNanaa a goddess identified with I?tar.

23.U-?ah Nina-?ahPap-sukal the gods' messenger.

24.U-banda Lugal-banda Lugal-banda 26.U-Mersi Nin-Girsu Nin-Girsu the chief god of Laga?.

27.Ma-sib-sib Ga-tum-duga Bau Bau, a goddess identified with Gula.

Four non-Semitic names of Gula follow, of which that in line 31 is the most interesting:--31.Ga?an-ti-dibba Nin-tin-guuaGula"the lady saving from death."33.Ga?an-ki-galEre?-ki-galaAllatu Persephone.

36.U-mu-zi-da Nin-gi?-zi-da Nin-gi?-zida"the lord of the everlasting tree."37.U-urugalNe-eri-gal Nerigal Nergal.

42.Mulu-hursag Galu-hursag Amurru the Amorite god.

43.Ga?an-gu-edina Nin-gu-edina(apparently the consort of Amurru).

In all probability this list is one of comparatively late date, though its chronological position with regard to the others is wholly uncertain--it may not be later, and may even be earlier, than those beginning with Anu, the god of the heavens.The important thing about it is, that it begins with /?lu/, god, in general, which is written, in the standard dialect (that of the second column) with the same character as that used for the name of Anu.After this comes Aa or êa, the god of the earth, and his consort, followed by En-lilla, the older Bel--Illinos in Damascius.The name of êa is repeated again in line 43and following, where he is apparently re-introduced as the father of Merodach, whose names immediately follow.This peculiarity is also found in other lists of gods and is undoubtedly a reflection of the history of the Babylonian religion.As this list replaces Anu by /?lu/, it indicates the rule of Enki or êa, followed by that of Merodach, who, as has been shown, became the chief divinity of the Babylonian pantheon in consequence of Babylon having become the capital of the country.

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