登陆注册
5247300000054

第54章 XI. (2)

The double Portion therefore that was Jus Primogeniturae, never took Place but in that Person that was the Primogenitus, of him from whom the inheritance immediately descended, or him that represented him; as if A. had two Sons, B. and C. and B. the eldest had two Sons, D. and E. and then B. died, whereas B. should have had a double Portion, viz. two Thirds in Case he had survived his Father; but now this double Portion shall be equally divided between D. and E. and D. shall not have two Thirds of the two Thirds that descended from A. to them. Vide Selden, ut supra.

Thus much of the Laws or Rules touching Descents among the Jews.

Among the Graecians, the Laws of Descents in some Sort resemble those of the Jews, and in some Things they differed.

Vide Petit's Leges Attica, Cap. I. Tit. 6. De Testamentis &Hereditario Jure, where the Text of their Law runs thus, viz.

Omnes legitimi Filii Haereditatem Paternam ex aequo inter se Haeriscunto, si quis intestatus moritur relictis Filiabus qui eas in Uxores ducunt haeredes sunto, si nullae supersint, hi ab intestato haereditatem cernunto: Et primo quidem Fratres defuncti Germani, & legitimi Fratrum Filii haereditatem simil adeunto; si nulli Fratres aut Fratrum Filii supersint, iis geniti eadem Lege haereditatem cernunto: Masculi autem iis geniti etiam si remotiori cognationis sint Gradu, praeferuntor, si nulli supersint, Paterni proximi, ad sobrinorum usque Filios, Materni defuncti propinqui simili Lege Haereditatem adeunto; si e neutra cognatione supersint intra definitum Gradum proximus cognatus Paternus, addito Notho Nothave; superstite Legitima Filia Nothus Haereditatem Patris ne adito.

This Law is very obscure, but the Sense thereof seems to be briefly this, viz. That all the Sons equally shall inherit to the Father; but if he have no Sons, then the Husbands of the Daughters; and if he have no Children, then his Brothers and their Children; and if none, than his next Kindred on the Part of his Father, preferring the Males before the Females; and if none of the Father's Line, ad Sobrinorum usque Filios, then to descend to the Mother's Line. Vide Petit's Gloss thereon.

Among the Romans it appears, that the Laws of Successions or Descents did successively vary, for the Laws of the Twelve Tables did exclude the Females from Inheriting, and had many other Streightnesses and Hardships which were successively remedied:

First, by the Emperor Claudius, and after him by Adrian, in his Senatus Consultus Tertullianus, and after him hy Justinian in his Third Institutes, Tit. De Haereditatibus quae ab intestato deseruntur, and the two ensuing Titles. And again, all this was further explained and settled by the Novel Constitutions of the said Justinian, stiled the Authenticae Novellae, cap. 18. De Haereditatibus ab intestato venientibus & agnatorum Jiure sublato. Therefore omitting the large Inquiry into the Successive Changes of the Roman Law in this particular, I shall only set down how, according to that Constitution, the Roman Law stands settled therein.

Descents or Successions from any Person are of Three Kinds, viz. 1st, In the Descending Line. 2dly, The Ascending Line. 3dly, The Collateral Line; and this latter is either in Agnatos a Parte Patris, or in Cognatos a Parte Matris.

1. ln the Descending Line, These Rules are by the Roman Law directed, viz.

1. The Descending Line, (whether Male or Female, whether immediate or remote) takes Place, and prevents the Descent or Succession Ascending or Collateral in infinitum.

2. The remote Descents of the Descending Line succeed in Stirpem, i.e. in that Right which his Parent should have had.

3. This Descent or Succession is equal in all the Daughters, all the Sons, and all the Sons and Daughters, without preferring the Male before the Female; so that if the common Ancestor had three Sons and three Daughters, each of them had a sixth Part;and if one of them had died in the Life of the Father, having three Sons and three Daughters, the sixth Part that belonged to that Party should have been divided equally between his or her six Children, and so in in finitum in the Descending Line.

2. In the Ascending Line, there are these two Rules, viz.

1. If the Son dies without Issue, or any descending from him, having a Father and a Mother living, both of them shall equally succeed to the Son, and prevent all others in the Collateral Line, except Brothers and Sisters, and if only a Father, or only a Mother, he or she shall succeed alone.

2. But if the Deceased leaves a Father and a Mother, with a Brother and a Sister, ex utrisque Parentibus conjuncti, they all Four shall equally succeed to the Son by equal Parts without Preference of the Males.

3. In the Collateral Line, (i.e. where the Person dies without Father or Mother, Son or Daughter, or any descending from them in the Right Line) the Rules are these, viz.

1. The Brothers and Sisters, ex utrisque Parentibius conjuncti, and the immediate Children of them, shall exceed equally without Preference of either Sex, and the Children from them shall succeed in stirpes; as if there be a Brother and Sister, and the Sister dies in the Life of the Descendant leaving one or more Children, all such Children shall succeed in the Moiety that should have come to their deceased Mother, had she survived.

2. But if there be no Brothers or Sisters, ex utrisque Parentibus conjuncti, nor any of their immediate Children, then the Brothers and Sisters of the half Blood and their immediate Children shall succeed in Stirpes to the Deceased, without any Prerogative to the Male.

3. But if there be no Brothers or Sisters of the wbole or half Blood, nor any of their immediate Children (for the Grandchildren are not provided for by the Law) then the next Kindred are called to the Inheritance.

同类推荐
  • 异闻总录

    异闻总录

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 九畹史论

    九畹史论

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 全金元词

    全金元词

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 佛说大乘百福庄严相经

    佛说大乘百福庄严相经

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 福州府志万历本

    福州府志万历本

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
热门推荐
  • 孩子健康成长的100个细节

    孩子健康成长的100个细节

    本书总结了孩子健康成长一定要注意的100个细节,具体为:做人的16个细节、做事的15个细节、学习的26个细节、交往的16个细节、生活的27个细节等。每个细节的开头是点睛之笔,接着用经典故事做导引,并对故事进行深度解析,让孩子能更进一步认识细节的重要性。同时,每个细节后面都有一个“身体力行”板块,为广大的孩子提供了落实细节的具体指导建议,这些建议非常直观、切实可行、极具操作性。在很多细节的最后,还有“智慧背囊”和“小贴士”,不仅能让孩子从中学习到很多知识,更能让孩子感受到每一个细节中所蕴含的不朽的智慧。
  • 破茧重生的女人

    破茧重生的女人

    苏非非原本有一个很幸福的家,儿子刚上初中,老公也事业有成,直至在朋友的好心提醒之下,她终于意识到自己的婚姻早已危机暗伏,直至有一天她把老公与他的情人堵在了酒店门口,十几年的婚姻终于土崩瓦裂,不复存生。同时在亲戚的介绍之下,认识了一个丧偶的性情比较墩厚的男人,几次了解之下,彼此印象都不错,男人开朗的性格也令她觉得很安定,但是,儿子的反对,还有前男友的骚扰,前夫的检讨,令她很苦恼,她该如何选择,会不会再次有一个安稳的婚姻,只有经过婚姻伤害的女人,更懂得去珍惜。她终于作了选择。
  • 宋阵

    宋阵

    穿越到了积弱已久的宋朝也就罢了,还偏偏到了靖康之耻被金人掳走的宋俘队伍里,肉体上的折磨动摇不了身为杀手的意志,却又为了皇帝老儿交给的任务,达到自己救世的目的,不得不和第一奸臣秦桧扯上关系。探测同化预警隐匿辅助攻击防御……携阵法系统之大成,踏入历史的潮流,随风起而云涌,踏天下之不平。这是一段历史不会记载的岁月,也是一场烽烟四起的沙场拼杀,这里有情义,有兄弟,有烈酒,有美人,更有那不朽的铿锵悲歌。交流群号《237519282》推荐收藏打赏,谢谢大家支持。
  • 金陵十三钗(张艺谋同名电影原著)

    金陵十三钗(张艺谋同名电影原著)

    本书是张艺谋电影《金陵十三钗》原著小说的修订版,亦是严歌苓作品的经典代表。1937年12月的南京,守城的中国军队全线崩溃,美国威尔逊教堂成了临时的避难所,一个美国神甫,十三个秦淮河胭脂歌女,一群避难的女学生,几个流散的中国军人和伤兵,一群日本官兵,在这个局促的空间里演绎了一段荡气回肠的家国仇恨……那些如花的名字,那些姣好的美眷,那些最泼辣轻贱的话语,那些最纯净善良的灵魂,终刻在了那段伤痕累累、血迹斑斑的历史上。
  • 论小仙女的正确天降方式

    论小仙女的正确天降方式

    初见,她是从天上掉下来的。他问:“你是何人?”她呆萌地眨巴眨巴眼睛:“我是小仙女呀~”他黑着脸:“呵呵,本座信了你的邪。”后来,她成了他的小书童。“去研墨。”“铺纸。”“掌灯。”“……”“宽衣。”“!”她掀桌:“你丫的够了!”世人只知他是朝堂上淡漠矜贵的国师大人,却不知他凉薄也化绕指柔。世人只知她是国师府中蠢萌欢脱的小书童,却不知她自有一颗玲珑七窍心。当老狐狸遇上小白兔,是一鼓作气,还是徐徐图之?
  • 天竞仙途

    天竞仙途

    仙途难行,谁竞先机?这一个,脉乱经奇,通仙路上波云诡,且看我独尊!那一个,生而为魔,美人心肝琉璃胆,奇阵动风云!这一个,妖血沸腾,万夫难敌红发凛,酒尽豪气生!那一个,乾坤在手,大道尽处觅长生,推衍算弘轮!
  • 碧海沧澜之瑾心不悔

    碧海沧澜之瑾心不悔

    迷糊中睡了,清醒状态逃跑,迷茫中生子。“娘亲,我所谓的那个爹爹,去帮他前妻挡了雷劫!”“死了没?”绝色女子雀跃询问。“娘啊!那个所谓爹爹,帮他前娘子挡了偷袭,然后昏迷了!”白嫩的小脸满是纠结。“担心就去找他,正好你娘我可以丢掉一个油瓶!”苦着一张包子脸,画着小圈可怜自己怎么如此命苦!
  • 匡庐奇秀:庐山(文化之美)

    匡庐奇秀:庐山(文化之美)

    巍峨挺拔的青峰秀峦、喷雪鸣雷的银泉飞瀑、瞬间万变的云海奇观、俊奇巧秀的园林建筑……这一切构成了人间仙境般的庐山。
  • 将军难为

    将军难为

    祖籍魔界,生于仙界,成长在人界当仙界单纯可爱的帝女封印了魔化的自己……一切,都回不去了吗?“公孙烻,你爱的到底是我还是她?”“傻瓜,她就是你啊……”……那天她撩开面纱,红衣似花嫁,从此他心深不见底,总有她一席之地。“我想知道,落,你和我……有没有可能……”是另一种关系?“嗯?师父你说什么?”“没、没什么。”就这样把她放在心里吧……
  • 折花一朵殿前欢

    折花一朵殿前欢

    闺房乐时,她竟然喊出旁人的名字。夫君受辱,注定不会有她的好日子!可嫡出千金,沦为暖床贱婢,难道还不够?才被关进柴房,怎么就有人迫不及待想她死!这一场大火,倒是烧的宁璞玉清醒过来。认命?呸!她凭什么苟延残喘的活着?她得先站稳脚,再一步一步还击那些算计她的人!明明是一场报复的盛宴,可偏偏总有人不知死活的来搅局……“我的爷,您能不能别每次都来捣乱?”“我的婢,想在爷眼皮子底下兴风作浪,不如跟爷翻云覆雨!”