登陆注册
5448900000001

第1章

IT IS the business of the physician to know, in the first place, things similar and things dissimilar; those connected with things most important, most easily known, and in anywise known; which are to be seen, touched, and heard; which are to be perceived in the sight, and the touch, and the hearing, and the nose, and the tongue, and the understanding; which are to be known by all the means we know other things.

2. The things relating to surgery, are- the patient; the operator;the assistants; the instruments; the light, where and how; how many things, and how; where the body, and the instruments; the time; the manner; the place.

3. The operator is either sitting or standing, conveniently for himself, for the person operated upon, for the light. There are two kinds of light, the common and the artificial; the common is not at our disposal, the artificial is at our disposal. There are two modes of using each, either to the light, or from the light (to the side?). There is little use of that which is from (or oblique to the light), and the degree of it is obvious. As to opposite the light, we must turn the part to be operated upon to that which is most brilliant of present and convenient lights, unless those parts which should be concealed, and which it is a shame to look upon; thus the part that is operated upon should be opposite the light, and the operator opposite the part operated upon, except in so far as he does not stand in his own light; for in this case the operator will indeed see, but the thing operated upon will not be seen. With regard to himself when sitting, his feet should be raised to a direct line with his knees, and nearly in contact with one another;the knees a little higher than the groins, and at some distance from one another, for the elbows to rest upon them. The robe, in a neat and orderly manner, is to be thrown over the elbows and shoulders equally and proportionally. With regard to the part operated upon;we have to consider how far distant, and how near, above, below, on this side on that side, or in the middle. The measure as to distance and proximity is, that the elbows do not press the knees before, nor the sides behind; that the hands be not raised higher than the breasts, nor lower than so as that when the breast reposes on the knees he may have the hands at right angles with the arm: thus it is as regards the medium; but as concerns this side or that, the operator must not be beyond his be beyond his seat, but in proportion as he may require turning he must shift the body, or part of the body, that is operated upon. When standing, he must make his inspection, resting firmly and equally on both feet; but he must operate while supporting himself upon either leg, and not the one on the same side with the hand which he makes use of; the knee being raised to the height of the groins as while sitting; and the other measures in like manner. The person operated upon should accommodate the operator with regard to the other parts of his body, either standing, sitting, or lying; so as that he may continue to preserve his figure, avoid sinking down, shrinking from, turning away; and may maintain the figure and position of the part operated upon, during the act of presentation, during the operation, and in the subsequent position.

4. The nails should be neither longer nor shorter than the points of the fingers; and the surgeon should practice with the extremities of the fingers, the index-finger being usually turned to the thumb;when using the entire hand, it should be prone; when both hands, they should be opposed to one another. It greatly promotes a dexterous use of the fingers when the space between them is large, and when the thumb is opposed to the index. But it is clearly a disease when the thumb is impaired from birth, or when, from a habit contracted during the time of nursing, it is impeded in its motions by the fingers. One should practice all sorts of work with either of with either of them, and with both together (for they are both alike), endeavouring to do them well, elegantly, quickly, without trouble, neatly, and promptly.

5. The instruments, and when and how they should be prepared, will be treated of afterwards; so that they may not impede the work, and that there may be no difficulty in taking hold of them, with the part of the body which operates. But if another gives them, he must be ready a little beforehand, and do as you direct.

6. Those about the patient must present the part to be operated upon as may seem proper, and they must hold the rest of the body steady, in silence, and listening to the commands of the operator.

7. There are two views of bandaging: that which regards it while doing, and that which regards it when done. It should be done quickly, without pain, with ease, and with elegance; quickly, by despatching the without pain, by being readily done; with ease, by being prepared for everything; and with elegance, so that it may be agreeable to the sight. By what mode of training these accomplishments are to be acquired has been stated. When done, it should fit well and neatly; it is neatly done when with judgment, and when it is equal and unequal, according as the parts are equal or unequal. The forms of it (the bandage?) are the simple, the slightly winding (called ascia), the sloping (sima), the monoculus, the rhombus, and the semi-rhombus. The form of bandage should be suitable to the form and the affection of the part to which it is applied.

8. There are two useful purposes to be fulfilled by bandaging:

同类推荐
热门推荐
  • 穿之月老的计划

    穿之月老的计划

    一次意外,苑夕竟然穿越,来到蓬辰国,她只能装失忆,在这个世界存活。直到遇到月棂和月钒,才明白原来一切是一场月老的计划,于是她和月棂以及月钒并肩做战,为自己的爱情拉起红线。途中一个小意外,月老自己把自己搭进去了………
  • 西湖女王

    西湖女王

    一个研究光学的科学家,带着新婚不久的妻子来到了迷人的杭州,在得知妻子怀孕的同时,科学家发现了一种特殊的光线,鬼使神差的,光线透过了妻子的肚皮。不久,一个长着翅膀的女孩诞生了,她的名字叫做楚楚。
  • 异世风云:妖妃哪里逃

    异世风云:妖妃哪里逃

    妖妃重生,本着要走自立更生的阳光大道。不料又遇见了上一辈子最恨的那张脸,相似的容颜,不一样的性格。她本想躲的,不料越陷越深。“妃儿,我只跟过你一个姑娘…”委屈的样子。“妃儿,你不喜欢我,不能反对我喜欢你吧…”弱弱的口气。“我家传家花都进了你的窍,妃儿,不把你带回去,那帮老东西又要念经,说我娶不到媳妇…”这是一个人前风度翩翩,人后泼皮无赖。他的口号:专心只爱着妃儿。
  • 世界500强企业员工的15种美德

    世界500强企业员工的15种美德

    本书总结了为世界500强企业优秀员工所推崇的十五种职场美德,分别是:忠诚、敬业、诚信、感恩、勤奋、责任、节俭、激情、坚韧、团队、执行、专注、自制、认真、谦虚。它们是世界500强企业成功的秘诀,也是所有想成功的人必须具备的崇高美德。
  • 怎么回头再爱你

    怎么回头再爱你

    我叫路柏然这些年我一个人带着我们得回忆走小心看管不敢弄丢顾可欣又下雪了回家吗你已经离开一年多了我开始学着做一些琐碎的家务被人爱过也跟人在一起过个中滋味大概只有自己清楚没有给别人提起过你不知道开口要用什么情绪我把我们的故事写下来然后路柏然要开始他新的人生了
  • 圣观自在菩萨功德赞

    圣观自在菩萨功德赞

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 曾经,我们是恋人

    曾经,我们是恋人

    作者的评价:四分搞笑三分纠葛两分痛苦一分罪建议大家先看下35章后的那些章节摘要,再决定是否应该继续看下去,这是我的初次,很多朋友对此都很是不屑,我也知道自己的文学功底压根就没有。但是决定写,就是一种追求,不图别的。就像爱上那么一个人,就会决定永远去爱。他一心只想在这所学校浑浑噩噩地混到大学,却总是会无意间邂逅上因自己而纠葛的女孩。他只想安安心心地做着小公务员和超市店长的儿子,无奈亲生父亲总是百般相求。一夜间,他平淡的生活不再平静,他成了几个女人暧昧的对象,他成了商业巨子司徒青的儿子。女人的纠缠、朋友的背叛、仇家的追杀,下面呢?当然不可能没了。额错了,额真的错了,前35章真的不该发的,那是我的历史性左倾路线错误。如果她能看到,我会对她三个字说:请永远陪着二五。貌似不止三个字了。。。。。
  • 她死在QQ上

    她死在QQ上

    都市的雨夜,五名少男少女同时死在了电脑之前,惟有他们的QQ兀自跳动着,无名无头像地闪动着“上路吧......”。女高中生小诺为了追寻表姐的死因,无意中竟身陷离奇的灵异事件。扑朔迷离的死亡疑团,错综复杂的关系线索,在网络生活背后隐藏的究竟是什么……到底他们之间曾经有过什么样的爱恨别离?那句“上路吧......”是死神的命令还是一个复仇者临死前的预言?“他”还会袭击下一个人吗?作者马伯庸本人也化身其中成为一位衣着奇特的大学学长,一个侦探,与小诺携手逐渐将案情节节深入。
  • 御膳房的小娘子

    御膳房的小娘子

    作为尚食局的培养对象,阮雪梨在无意间“捡”到一个可怜的侍卫:父亲早亡,母势太强,上班很忙,沉浮无常。阮雪梨善心大发,常给他带各种好吃的!后来,两人慢慢熟悉,雪梨忍不住开始吐槽她的上司:一位喜怒莫辨阴晴不定的帝王。再后来,那个侍卫自称了朕。
  • 别让不懂幽默害了你

    别让不懂幽默害了你

    幽默不是一种心情,而是一种看待世界的方式。脑瓜子里的智慧风波;嘴皮子上的幽默点拨;你可以不是幽默达人,但别一开口就遭人记恨。曹宁编著的《别让不懂幽默害了你》通过大量贴近生活的事例和精炼的要点,阐述幽默在生活中的作用、幽默的基本方法和技巧、与不同的人打交道时如何幽默、为了达到不同目的如何幽默、在日常生活中不同场合的幽默、谈判和外交场合中如何幽默、如何拿自己开玩笑和世界各国幽默大观等方面。《别让不懂幽默害了你》让你在任何场合开口就能抓住重点,直插心窝的幽默艺术,有影响力的人早就偷偷在用了,你还等什么?