第一节短篇新闻
1.样题解析
短篇新闻是2016年6月四级考试中全新加入的一个题型，考生对其具体的要求及复习解题等策略都不甚了解，这也成为考生们备考时最没有把握的一个部分。下面我们就先解析四、六级考试委员会在其官网给出的样题，对短篇新闻的难度及要求做一个总体把握。
Section A
Directions：In this section，you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A，B，C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.
Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala.Last July，the Somali group al-Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people.Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.
The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala.Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board，but it exploded during a security check.Windows of the red bus were left smashed，and blood could be seen on the ground beside the vehicle.Just hours earlier，Uganda's police chief had warned of possible Christmas-time attacks by Somali rebels.
1.What is the news report mainly about？
A.Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels.
B.An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.
C.The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala.
D.Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda's capital.
2.When did the incident occur？
A.On Christmas Eve.
B.Just before midnight.
C.During a security check.
D.In the small hours of the morning.
解析：这篇新闻讲述了发生于肯尼亚内罗毕中部一个巴士停车场的爆炸，属于灾难事故类。
第1题，答案B。这是一个主旨题，考查对新闻报道大意的把握。而出题点就在新闻开头的导语：Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.这篇新闻采用了新闻报道中最常用的倒金字塔结构，即把整个新闻报道中最重要的新闻事实放在整个报道的开头作为导语，把次要的新闻事实放在导语后面。这是新闻报道中采用最多的一种写作形式与结构，考生在听音时应特别留意新闻导语，把握新闻大意。
第2题，答案C。这是细节题中典型的时间题。出题点在Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board，but it exploded during a security check.灾难事故类新闻中，事故发生的时间、造成的伤亡人数以及发生事故的原因是常考点，考生平时应该多积累相关的数字表达，关注表示因果关系的逻辑词。这道题除了考查时间，从出题点的句型来看，是转折的逻辑关系，即我们听力中常见的but题型。因此考生对于but，however等转折标志词也应该特别关注。
Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.
Woolworths is one of the best known names on the British High Street.It's been in business nearly a century.Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company's decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token ā1 failed.
The company has huge debts.The immediate cause for the collapse has been Britain's slide toward recession，which has cut into consumer spending.However，the business had been in trouble for years.
Known for low-priced general goods，Woolworths has struggled in the face of competition from supermarkets expanding beyond groceries and a new generation of internet retailers.
Many of the store group's 25000 employees are likely to lose their jobs.Some profitable areas such as the DVD publishing business will survive.
3.What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report？
A.It is likely to close many of its stores.
B.It is known for the quality of its goods.
C.It remains competitive in the recession.
D.It will expand its online retail business.
4.What did Woolworths attempt to do recently？
A.Expand its business beyond groceries.
B.Fire 25000 of its current employees.
C.Cut its DVD publishing business.
D.Sell the business for one pound.
解析：这篇报道讲述了Woolworths公司分店倒闭以及其所面临的经济困境。
第3题，答案A。第4题，答案D。这两道题都是细节题。答案出处在Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company's decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token ā1 failed.这两道题严格遵循了“视听一致”的听音原则，即“听到什么选什么”。而考点在于与数字相关的信息：800 stores和ā1。
Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.
Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads，irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles，but also for its air pollution.In recent months，though，environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement.That's due in part to the removal of many of the capital's old-fashioned black and white taxis.Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a poor state of repair.
After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads，a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars.The government pays about $900 for old ones to be discarded and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments.
The idea has proved popular with customers-they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered，they don't have to argue over fares.Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times.As for the taxi drivers，most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars，although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.
5.What change took place in Cairo recently？
A.All taxis began to use meters.
B.All taxis got air conditioning.
C.Advertisements were allowed on taxis.
D.Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.
6.What helped bring about the change？
A.A low interest loan scheme.
B.Environmentalists'protests.
C.Taxi passengers'complaints.
D.Permission for car advertising.
7.Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers？
A.There are no more irregular practices.
B.All new cabs provide air-conditioning.
C.New cabs are all equipped with meters.
D.New legislation protects consumer rights.
解析：这篇新闻讲述了开罗政府为了应对汽车尾气导致的环境污染而采取的措施卓有成效。
第5题，答案D。出处在：In recent months，though，environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement.That's due in part to the removal of many of the capital's old-fashioned black and white taxis.
第6题，答案A。出处在：After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads，a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars.
第7题，答案C。出处在：The idea has proved popular with customers-they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered，they don't have to argue over fares.
三道题均为细节题，遵循“视听一致”“边听边选”的原则。文中的due to，because等表示因果关系的标志词都可以帮助定位答案。
综上所述，新闻听力主要考查听取细节的能力，只要平时多听、多练、多积累，做题时细心捕捉信息，新闻听力也并非无法攻克。
2.新闻听力的解题技巧
了解新闻的题材内容
新闻的题材广泛，从国际政治、外交、军事、经济、贸易、科学技术、能源、交通、工业、农业、文化、教育、体育、卫生到法律、宗教、社会问题乃至各种灾难事故，几乎无所不有。在备考中，考生应该一方面积累英语新闻的高频词汇，另一方面结合社会新闻热点，储备相关背景知识。
熟悉新闻的文体特征
新闻通常由三部分组成，即标题、导语和正文。四级听力篇章一般不出现新闻标题，考生应该特别关注导语部分，导语通常会概括出新闻的大意。而正文则主要提供一些细节信息，例如，时间、人物、事件、原因、地点、方式等。
精听与泛听相结合
考生应该精选BBC、VOA、CNN等原版新闻材料，进行精听与泛听相结合的听力训练，只要方法得当，并持之以恒的训练，必能有所收获。
所谓精听，是指反复地收听一则新闻，在较好理解了新闻大意的基础上，将新闻听写下来。考生在精听时必须充分利用听力连贯的技能，反复回听全文，在掌握了新闻大意以后再动笔，以句群为单位听写，切不可一个词一个词地听记，否则会破坏句子的连贯性，影响对新闻整体意思的把握。
所谓泛听，是指每天听一定量的节目，以了解大意、了解时事为目的，增强英语语感。泛听的原则是“坚持不懈，大量广泛”。
记忆新闻高频词汇
新闻词汇因其特殊性，有着与其他四级词汇不同的特点。例如，国家地区名字的专有名词、随着社会科技进步出现的新词、法律经济科技等领域的专业词汇等。考生一方面要注意归类记忆，另一方面要明确新闻词汇的含义，以免对听力篇章的大意出现误解误判。
强化数字训练
新闻报道中经常出现数字信息，而与数字相关的事实常常是考点所在。考生应该熟悉时间、数量、距离、速度、价格、货币、分数小数等数字表达，以及相关的货币单位、容量、长度、重量等单位的英文表达，在听音中要做到快速反应，迅速判断。
第二节长对话
1.样题解析
长对话题型相对于本次取消的短对话题型，具有更强的语境性和交互性，更能考查考生的实际交际能力。通过长对话的测试，可以反映考生在一定语境或情景中所表现出的快速反应、获取口头信息、推理判断的能力。从这次的样题来看，长对话题型基本保持不变，只是单词数量有少量增加，问题增加了一个，但基本的解题思路和方法是不变的。
Section B
Directions：In this section，you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation，you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A，B，C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One
W：Morning，this is TGC.
M：Good morning.Walter Barry here，calling from London.Could I speak to Mr.Grand，please？
W：Who's calling，please？
M：Walter Barry，from London.
W：What is it about，please？
M：Well，I understand that your company has a chemical processing plant.My own company，LCP，Liquid Control Products，is a leader in safety from leaks in the field of chemical processing.I would like to speak to Mr.Grand to discuss ways in which we could help TGC protect itself from such problems and save money at the same time.
W：Yes，I see.Well，Mr.Grand is not available just now.
M：Can you tell me when I could reach him？
W：He's very busy for the next few days-then he'll be away in New York.So it's difficult to give you a time.
M：Could I speak to someone else，perhaps？
W：Who in particular？
M：A colleague for example？
W：You're speaking to his personal assistant.I can deal with calls for Mr.Grand.
M：Yes，well，could I ring him tomorrow？
W：No，I'm sorry he won't be free tomorrow.Listen，let me suggest something.You send us details of your products and services，together with references from other companies and then we'll contact you.
M：Yes，that's very kind of you.I have your address.
W：Very good，Mr…
M：Barry.Walter Barry from LCP in London.
W：Right，Mr.Barry.We look forward to hearing from you.
M：Thank you.Goodbye.
W：Bye.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8.What do we learn about the woman's company？
A.It has a partnership with LCP.
B.It is headquartered in London.
C.It specializes in safety from leaks.
D.It has a chemical processing plant.
9.What do we learn about the man？
A.He is a chemist.
B.He is a salesman.
C.He is a safety inspector.
D.He is Mr.Grand's friend.
10.What is the woman's position in her company？
A.The public relations officer.
B.Mr.Grand's personal assistant.
C.Director of the safety department.
D.Head of the personnel department.
11.What does the woman suggest the man do？
A.Wait for Mr.Grand to call back.
B.Leave a message for Mr.Grand.
C.Provide details of their products and services.
D.Send a comprehensive deion of their work.
解析：这是一段商务场合的电话录音，男士是LCP公司的产品推销员，打电话找TGC公司的Mr.Grand，想要推销其公司的一款产品。而Mr.Grand不在，接电话的女士是Mr.Grand的私人助理，她建议对方把相关产品简介寄来公司，等Mr.Grand看后再联系。
第8题，答案D。出题点在M：Well，I understand that your company has a chemical processing plant.一阵寒暄之后，这句话是开始正题的第一句话，遵循了文章开头出题的原则。
第9题，答案B。第10题，答案B。这两道题都属于职业身份题。第9题，M：…My own company，LCP，Liquid Control Products，is a leader in safety from leaks in the field of chemical processing.I would like to speak to Mr.Grand to discuss ways in which we could help TGC protect itself from such problems and save money at the same time.通过男士对其所在公司的业务介绍，可以推论出男士销售人员的身份。第10题，W：You're speaking to his personal assistant.I can deal with calls for Mr.Grand.女士自己说出自己在公司的职位，可以边听边选择。
第11题，答案C。出题点在W：…Listen，let me suggest something.You send us details of your products and services，together with references from other companies and then we'll contact you.属于意见建议类题型。请考生注意对话中出现的listen等表示强调或引起对方注意的词语，其后必会出现重要内容。同时熟悉各种提建议的句型，例如，I suggest…Maybe you'd better…Maybe you should…Why don't you…等等。
Conversation Two
M：You're going to wear out the computer's keyboard！
W：Oh，hi.
M：Do you have any idea what time it is？
W：About ten or ten-thirty？
M：It's nearly midnight.
W：Really？I didn't know it was so late.
M：Don't you have an early class to teach tomorrow morning？
W：Yes，at seven o'clock.My commuter class，the students who go to work right after their lesson.
