"A price is set upon the heads of the administrators； their houses are the first devastated； all the houses of wealthy citizens are pillaged； and the same is the case with all chateaux and country habitations which display any signs of luxury." - Fifteen gentlemen， assembled together at the house of M. d'Escayrac， in Castel， appeal to all good citizens to march to the assistance of the proprietors who may be attacked in this jacquerie， which is spreading everywhere；[72] but there are too few proprietors in the country， and none of the towns have too many of them for their own protection. M. d'Escayrac， after a few skirmishes， abandoned by the municipal officers of his village， and wounded， withdraws to the house of the Comte de Clarac， a major-general， in Languedoc. Here， too， the chateau， is surrounded，[73] blockaded， and besieged by the local National Guard. M. de Clarac descends and tries to hold a parley with the attacking party， and is fired upon. He goes back inside and throws money out of the window； the money is gathered up， and he is again fired upon. The chateau is set on fire， and M.
d'Escayrac receives five shots， and is killed. M. de Clarac， with another person， having taken refuge in a subterranean vault， are taken out almost stifled the next morning but one by the National Guard of the vicinity， who conduct them to Toulouse， where they are kept in prison and where the public prosecutor takes proceedings against them. The chateau of Bagat， near Montcuq， is demolished at the same time. The abbey of Espagnac， near Figeac， is assaulted with fire-arms； the abbess is forced to refund all rents she has collected， and to restore four thousand livres for the expenses of a trial which the convent had gained twenty years before.
After such successes， the extension of the revolt is inevitable； and at the end of some weeks and months it becomes permanent in the three neighboring departments. - In Creuse，[74] the judges are threatened with death if they order the payment of seignorial dues， and the same fate awaits all proprietors who claim their rents. In many places， and especially in the mountains， the peasants， "considering that they form the nation， and that clerical possessions are national，" want to have these divided amongst themselves， instead of their being sold. Fifty parishes around La Souterraine receive incendiary letters inviting them to come in arms to the town， in order to secure by force， and by staking their lives， the production of all titles to rentals. The peasants， in a circle of eight leagues， are all stirred up by the sound of the tocsin， and preceded by the municipal officers in their scarves；there are four thousand of them， and they drag with them a wagon full of arms： this is for the revision and re-constitution of the ownership of the soil. - In Dordogne，[75] self-appointed arbitrators interpose imperiously between the proprietor and the small farmer， at the time of harvest， to prevent the proprietor from claiming， and the farmer from paying， the tithes or the réve；[76]
any agreement to this end is forbidden； whoever shall transgress the new order of things， proprietor or farmer， shall be hung.
Accordingly， the rural militia in the districts of Bergerac， Excideuil， Ribérac， Mucidan， Montignac， and Perigueux， led by the municipal officers， go from commune to commune in order to force the proprietors to sign an act of withdrawal； and these visits "are always accompanied with robberies， outrages， and ill-treatment from which there is no escape but in absolute submission." Moreover， "they demand the abolition of every species of tax and the partition of the soil. " - It is impossible for "proprietors moderately rich " to remain in the country； on all sides they take refuge in Perigueux， and there， organizing in companies， along with the gendarmerie and the National Guard of the town， overrun the cantons to restore order. But there is no way of persuading the peasantry that it is order which they wish to restore. With that stubbornness of the imagination which no obstacle arrests， and which， like a vigorous spring， always finds some outlet， the people declare that "the gendarmes and National Guard" who come to restrain them "are priests and gentlemen in disguise." - The new theories， moreover， have struck down to the lowest depths； and nothing is easier than to draw from them the abolition of debts， and even the agrarian law.
At Ribérac， which is invaded by the people of the neighboring parishes， a village tailor， taking the catechism of the Constitution from his pocket， argues with the procureur-syndic， and proves to him that the insurgents are only exercising the rights of man. The book states， in the first place， "that Frenchmen are equals and brethren， and that they should give each other aid；" and that "the masters should share with their fellows， especially this year， which is one of scarcity." In the next place， it is written that "all property belongs to the nation，" and that is the reason why "it has taken the possessions of the Church." Now， all Frenchmen compose the nation， and the conclusion is clearly apparent. Since， in the eyes of the tailor， the property of individual Frenchmen belongs to all the French， he， the tailor， has a right to at least the quota which belongs to him. - One travels fast and far on this downhill road， for every mob considers that this means immediate enjoyment， and enjoyment according to its own ideas. There is no care for neighbors or for consequences， even when imminent and physical， and in twenty places the confiscated property perishes in the hands of the usurpers.
