AN IMPARTIAL GLANCE AT THE ANCIENT MAGISTRACY.
A very happy personage in the year of grace 1482， was the noble gentleman Robert d'Estouteville， chevalier， Sieur de Beyne， Baron d'Ivry and Saint Andry en la Marche， counsellor and chamberlain to the king， and guard of the provostship of Paris. It was already nearly seventeen years since he had received from the king， on November 7， 1465， the comet year，* that fine charge of the provostship of Paris， which was reputed rather a seigneury than an office. ~Dignitas~， says Joannes Loemnoeus， ~quoe cum non exigua potestate politiam concernente， atque proerogativis multis et juribus conjuncta est~. A marvellous thing in '82 was a gentleman bearing the king's commission， and whose letters of institution ran back to the epoch of the marriage of the natural daughter of Louis XI. with Monsieur the Bastard of Bourbon.
* This comet against which Pope Calixtus， uncle of Borgia， ordered public prayers， is the same which reappeared in 1835.
The same day on which Robert d'Estouteville took the place of Jacques de Villiers in the provostship of Paris， Master Jehan Dauvet replaced Messire Helye de Thorrettes in the first presidency of the Court of Parliament， Jehan Jouvenel des Ursins supplanted Pierre de Morvilliers in the office of chancellor of France， Regnault des Dormans ousted Pierre Puy from the charge of master of requests in ordinary of the king's household. Now， upon how many heads had the presidency， the chancellorship， the mastership passed since Robert d'Estouteville had held the provostship of Paris. It had been "granted to him for safekeeping，" as the letters patent said；and certainly he kept it well. He had clung to it， he had incorporated himself with it， he had so identified himself with it that he had escaped that fury for change which possessed Louis XI.， a tormenting and industrious king， whose policy it was to maintain the elasticity of his power by frequent appointments and revocations. More than this； the brave chevalier had obtained the reversion of the office for his son， and for two years already， the name of the noble man Jacques d'Estouteville， equerry， had figured beside his at the head of the register of the salary list of the provostship of Paris. A rare and notable favor indeed！ It is true that Robert d'Estouteville was a good soldier， that he had loyally raised his pennon against "the league of public good，" and that he had presented to the queen a very marvellous stag in confectionery on the day of her entrance to Paris in 14...
Moreover， he possessed the good friendship of Messire Tristan l'Hermite， provost of the marshals of the king's household.
Hence a very sweet and pleasant existence was that of Messire Robert. In the first place， very good wages， to which were attached， and from which hung， like extra bunches of grapes on his vine， the revenues of the civil and criminal registries of the provostship， plus the civil and criminal revenues of the tribunals of Embas of the Chatelet， without reckoning some little toll from the bridges of Mantes and of Corbeil， and the profits on the craft of Shagreen-makers of Paris， on the corders of firewood and the measurers of salt.
Add to this the pleasure of displaying himself in rides about the city， and of making his fine military costume， which you may still admire sculptured on his tomb in the abbey of Valmont in Normandy， and his morion， all embossed at Montlhéry， stand out a contrast against the parti-colored red and tawny robes of the aldermen and police. And then， was it nothing to wield absolute supremacy over the sergeants of the police， the porter and watch of the Chatelet， the two auditors of the Chatelet， ~auditores castelleti~， the sixteen commissioners of the sixteen quarters， the jailer of the Chatelet， the four enfeoffed sergeants， the hundred and twenty mounted sergeants， with maces， the chevalier of the watch with his watch， his sub-watch， his counter-watch and his rear-watch？
Was it nothing to exercise high and low justice， the right to interrogate， to hang and to draw， without reckoning petty jurisdiction in the first resort (~in prima instantia~， as the charters say)， on that viscomty of Paris， so nobly appanaged with seven noble bailiwicks？ Can anything sweeter be imagined than rendering judgments and decisions， as Messire Robert d'Estouteville daily did in the Grand Chatelet， under the large and flattened arches of Philip Augustus？ and going， as he was wont to do every evening， to that charming house situated in the Rue Galilee， in the enclosure of the royal palace， which he held in right of his wife， Madame Ambroise de Lore， to repose after the fatigue of having sent some poor wretch to pass the night in "that little cell of the Rue de Escorcherie， which the provosts and aldermen of Paris used to make their prison； the same being eleven feet long， seven feet and four inches wide， and eleven feet high？"** Comptes du domaine， 1383.
And not only had Messire Robert d'Estouteville his special court as provost and vicomte of Paris； but in addition he had a share， both for eye and tooth， in the grand court of the king. There was no head in the least elevated which had not passed through his hands before it came to the headsman. It was he who went to seek M. de Nemours at the Bastille Saint Antoine， in order to conduct him to the Halles； and to conduct to the Grève M. de Saint-Pol， who clamored and resisted， to the great joy of the provost， who did not love monsieur the constable.
Here， assuredly， is more than sufficient to render a life happy and illustrious， and to deserve some day a notable page in that interesting history of the provosts of Paris， where one learns that Oudard de Villeneuve had a house in the Rue des Boucheries， that Guillaume de Hangest purchased the great and the little Savoy， that Guillaume Thiboust gave the nuns of Sainte-Geneviève his houses in the Rue Clopin， that Hugues Aubriot lived in the H？tel du Pore-Epic， and other domestic facts.
