It remains now that I should say something of the merciful part of this terrible judgement.The last week in September,the plague being come to its crisis,its fury began to assuage.I remember my friend Dr Heath,coming to see me the week before,told me he was sure that the violence of it would assuage in a few days;but when I saw the weekly bill of that week,which was the highest of the whole year,being 8297of all diseases,I upbraided him with it,and asked him what he had made his judgement from.His answer,however,was not so much to seek as I thought it would have been.'Look you,'says he,'by the number which are at this time sick and infected,there should have been twenty thousand dead the last week instead of eight thousand,if the inveterate mortal contagion had been as it was two weeks ago;for then it ordinarily killed in two or three days,now not under eight or ten;and then not above one in five recovered,whereas I have observed that now not above two in five miscarry.And,observe it from me,the next bill will decrease,and you will see many more people recover than used to do;for though a vast multitude are now everywhere infected,and as many every day fall sick,yet there will not so many die as there did,for the malignity of the distemper is abated';-adding that he began now to hope,nay,more than hope,that the infection had passed its crisis and was going off;and accordingly so it was,for the next week being,as I said,the last in September,the bill decreased almost two thousand.
It is true the plague was still at a frightful height,and the next bill was no less than 6460,and the next to that,5720;but still my friend's observation was just,and it did appear the people did recover faster and more in number than they used to do;and indeed,if it had not been so,what had been the condition of the city of London?For,according to my friend,there were not fewer than 60,000people at that time infected,whereof,as above,20,477died,and near 40,000recovered;whereas,had it been as it was before,50,000of that number would very probably have died,if not more,and 50,000more would have sickened;for,in a word,the whole mass of people began to sicken,and it looked as if none would escape.
But this remark of my friend's appeared more evident in a few weeks more,for the decrease went on,and another week in October it decreased 1843,so that the number dead of the plague was but 2665;and the next week it decreased 1413more,and yet it was seen plainly that there was abundance of people sick,nay,abundance more than ordinary,and abundance fell sick every day but (as above)the malignity of the disease abated.
Such is the precipitant disposition of our people (whether it is so or not all over the world,that's none of my particular business to inquire),but I saw it apparently here,that as upon the first fright of the infection they shunned one another,and fled from one another's houses and from the city with an unaccountable and,as I thought,unnecessary fright,so now,upon this notion spreading,viz.,that the distemper was not so catching as formerly,and that if it was catched it was not so mortal,and seeing abundance of people who really fell sick recover again daily,they took to such a precipitant courage,and grew so entirely regardless of themselves and of the infection,that they made no more of the plague than of an ordinary fever,nor indeed so much.They not only went boldly into company with those who had tumours and carbuncles upon them that were running,and consequently contagious,but ate and drank with them,nay,into their houses to visit them,and even,as I was told,into their very chambers where they lay sick.
This I could not see rational.My friend Dr Heath allowed,and it was plain to experience,that the distemper was as catching as ever,and as many fell sick,but only he alleged that so many of those that fell sick did not die;but I think that while many did die,and that at best the distemper itself was very terrible,the sores and swellings very tormenting,and the danger of death not left out of the circumstances of sickness,though not so frequent as before;all those things,together with the exceeding tediousness of the cure,the loathsomeness of the disease,and many other articles,were enough to deter any man living from a dangerous mixture with the sick people,and make them as anxious almost to avoid the infections as before.
Nay,there was another thing which made the mere catching of the distemper frightful,and that was the terrible burning of the caustics which the surgeons laid on the swellings to bring them to break and to run,without which the danger of death was very great,even to the last.Also,the insufferable torment of the swellings,which,though it might not make people raving and distracted,as they were before,and as I have given several instances of already,yet they put the patient to inexpressible torment;and those that fell into it,though they did escape with life,yet they made bitter complaints of those that had told them there was no danger,and sadly repented their rashness and folly in venturing to run into the reach of it.
Nor did this unwary conduct of the people end here,for a great many that thus cast off their cautions suffered more deeply still,and though many escaped,yet many died;and at least it had this public mischief attending it,that it made the decrease of burials slower than it would otherwise have been.For as this notion ran like lightning through the city,and people's heads were possessed with it,even as soon as the first great decrease in the bills appeared,we found that the two next bills did not decrease in proportion;the reason I take to be the people's running so rashly into danger,giving up all their former cautions and care,and all the shyness which they used to practise,depending that the sickness would not reach them -or that if it did,they should not die.
