登陆注册
5370200000244

第244章

They are certainly distinct from the Timorese or Papuan races, and must be classed in the western rather than the eastern ethnological division of the Archipelago.

The whole of the great island of New Guinea, the Ke arid Aru Islands, with Mysol, Salwatty, and Waigiou, are inhabited almost exclusively by the typical Papuans. I found no trace of any other tribes inhabiting the interior of New Guinea, but the coast people are in some places mixed with the browner races of the Moluccas. The same Papuan race seems to extend over the islands east of New Guinea as far as the Fijis.

There remain to be noticed the black woolly-haired races of the Philippines and the Malay peninsula, the former called "Negritos," and the latter "Semangs." I have never seen these people myself, but from the numerous accurate descriptions of them that have been published, I have had no difficulty in satisfying myself that they have little affinity or resemblance to the Papuans, with which they have been hitherto associated. In most important characters they differ more from the Papuan than they do from the Malay. They are dwarfs in stature, only averaging four feet six inches to four feet eight inches high, or eight inches less than the Malays; whereas the Papuans are decidedly taller than the -Malays. The nose is invariably represented as small, flattened, or turned up at the apex, whereas the most universal character of the Papuan race is to have the nose prominent and large, with the apex produced downwards, as it is invariably represented in their own rude idols. The hair of these dwarfish races agrees with that of the Papuans, but so it does with that of the negroes of Africa. The Negritos and the Semangs agree very closely in physical characteristics with each other and with the Andaman Islanders, while they differ in a marked manner from every Papuan race.

A careful study of these varied races, comparing them with those of Eastern Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Australia, has led me to adopt a comparatively simple view as to their origin and affinities.

If we draw a line (see Physical Map, Vol. 1. p. 14), commencing to the east of the Philippine Islands, thence along the western coast of Gilolo, through the island of Bouru, and curving round the west end of Mores, then bending back by Sandalwood Island to take in Rotti, we shall divide the Archipelago into two portions, the races of which have strongly marked distinctive peculiarities. This line will separate the Malayan and all the Asiatic races, from the Papuans and all that inhabit the Pacific;and though along the line of junction intermigration and commixture have taken place, yet the division is on the whole almost as well defined and strongly contrasted, as is the corresponding zoological division of the Archipelago, into an Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan region.

I must briefly explain the reasons that have led me to consider this division of the Oceanic races to be a true and natural one.

The Malayan race, as a whole, undoubtedly very closely resembles the East Asian populations, from Siam to Mandchouria. I was much struck with this, when in the island of Bali I saw Chinese traders who had adopted the costume of that country, and who could then hardly be distinguished from Malays; and, on the other hand, I have seen natives of Java who, as far as physiognomy was concerned, would pass very well for Chinese. Then, again, we have the most typical of the Malayan tribes inhabiting a portion of the Asiatic continent itself, together with those great islands which, possessing the same species of large Mammalia with the adjacent parts of the continent, have in all probability formed a connected portion of Asia during the human period. The Negritos are, no doubt, quite a distinct race from the Malay; but yet, as some of them inhabit a portion of the continent, and others the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal, they must be considered to have had, in all probability, an Asiatic rather than a Polynesian origin.

Now, turning to the eastern parts of the Archipelago, I find, by comparing my own observations with those of the most trustworthy travellers and missionaries, that a race identical in all its chief features with the Papuan, is found in all the islands as far east as the Fijis; beyond this the brown Polynesian race, or some intermediate type, is spread everywhere over the Pacific.

The descriptions of these latter often agree exactly with the characters of the brown indigenes of Gilolo and Ceram.

It is to be especially remarked that the brown and the black Polynesian races closely resemble each other. Their features are almost identical, so that portraits of a New Zealander or Otaheitan will often serve accurately to represent a Papuan or Timorese, the darker colour and more frizzly hair of the latter being the only differences. They are both tall races. They agree in their love of art and the style of their decorations. They are energetic, demonstrative, joyous, and laughter-loving, and in all these particulars they differ widely from the Malay.

I believe, therefore, that the numerous intermediate forms that occur among the countless islands of the Pacific, are not merely the result of a mixture of these races, but are, to some extent, truly intermediate or transitional; and that the brown and the black, the Papuan, the natives of Gilolo and Ceram, the Fijian, the inhabitants of the Sandwich Islands and those of New Zealand, are all varying forms of one great Oceanic or Polynesian race.

同类推荐
  • 洞真高上玉帝大洞雌一玉检五老宝经

    洞真高上玉帝大洞雌一玉检五老宝经

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 真藏经要诀

    真藏经要诀

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 山公九原

    山公九原

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • Billy Baxter's Letters

    Billy Baxter's Letters

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
  • 灌畦暇语

    灌畦暇语

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。
热门推荐
  • 庶女医香

    庶女医香

    精简含蓄版简介: 一介小小庶女,善种花懂植草,会制茶能酿酒 更有一手深藏不露的医术 她,究竟想要些什么 她,最终又能得到些什么 ………… 故事情节版简介: 历经变故之后,凌远黛毅然抛却从前尊贵安逸的生活,回到了生身母亲的身边。在这里,她成了凌府一名看似平凡无奇的庶女,悄无声息的蜗居在凌府的别院内。她之所求,只是平凡安逸,悠然一生,然而上天似乎并不愿她如此。亲手炮制的一种奇茶,让她无意的走进了那个她避之惟恐不及的圈子。当新科状元、豪门世子、皇室王爷全数卷入她的生命时,她究竟会选择谁?她的从前,又是否当真已经过去了呢? PS:哭求包养订阅及各种PP
  • 我的世界之当个创造神

    我的世界之当个创造神

    一次目的地为minecraft世界的穿越!途径竟是一本牛皮书?少女因为一本牛皮书,来到这个方块的世界!建房,打怪,挖矿,合成,这一切似乎很日常?为什么,平静的生活之下,少女突然要背负沉重的命运?“我来这难道不是来玩的?”请不要这么廉价的穿越!“请允许我拒绝。”
  • 昏暗的光

    昏暗的光

    双塔镇往东六里地,微山湖的支流檀香河紧挨着双塔矿缓缓流过来,水深三米且是墨绿色的。河的两边,平坦的麦子地金灿灿地伸展到了距离河岸八百米的双塔矿,到了近前,麦子地灵巧地绕过煤矿,接着又是一马平川的金黄色。岸边的杨树因为河水的滋养每年都以十公分的速度往上疯长,枝叶又滑嫩又苍翠,形成了长长的两溜荫凉。要是遇到狂风暴雨的天气,杨树叶就会落下厚厚的一层,加上雨水浸湿过的原因,人走上去就像走在地毯上一样。而到了朦胧色的傍晚,野兔也会从金灿灿的麦子地里跑过来,坐在树叶上乘凉。这时,知了的鸣叫声盖过了麻雀们的争吵,还有叫声奇怪的布谷鸟也好在这里乘凉。
  • 重生校园星际女特工

    重生校园星际女特工

    她是血族长公主,亦是囚徒星上令人闻风丧胆的魔女“HX”,一朝重生,成为了一个高中生。这辈子,她本想低调行事,安然度过此生,奈何麻烦总爱找她。渣男纠缠,揍!白莲诬陷,手撕!极品亲戚上门找茬,打脸!星际之战爆发,她传奇的一生,这才开始。
  • 感动学生的励志故事

    感动学生的励志故事

    《感动学生必读系列:感动学生的励志故事》编入了中外百余个励志小故事,从好学上进、积极进取、奋发图强等方面作为切入点,用通俗易懂的小故事来抛砖引玉,以精简准确的成功箴言作为提示和点拨,帮助广大读者树立目标,扬帆启航,更加勇敢、坚定、豁达地面对人生。
  • 活学妙用职场厚黑学

    活学妙用职场厚黑学

    《厚黑学》一经推出,引起了广泛的关注,被称为“天下奇书”。更有学者认为,厚黑学当中的理论,为天下人解开了古今英雄豪杰的成功秘诀,为人们在处世中左右逢源、克敌制胜提供了宝贵的借鉴资料。编者把此书的精髓结合现代社会的特点进行了一一阐述,如果精细研读,细细品味,你就会发现:成败的秘密就在其中。
  • FBI谈判术:美国联邦警察教你无敌谈判战术

    FBI谈判术:美国联邦警察教你无敌谈判战术

    FBI谈判专家在实践中积累起来丰富的谈判经验,对于日常生活和市场竞争中形形色色的谈判活动颇有借鉴意义。学会了FBI谈判专家付出巨大代价练就的这手绝活,相信可以让你在谈判中如鱼得水,占尽先机。
  • 吊头山(二)

    吊头山(二)

    我和小野被派往冀州寻找《鬼志》中的吊头山。前任被派往调查的,一个进入了精神病院,一个不愿再提及此事。进入石家庄后,我和小野找到了通往吊头山的路,陪伴同行的司机却在中途死于意外,脑袋被乌鸦叼走……
  • 本宫是纳兰粉黛

    本宫是纳兰粉黛

    【宠文,一路宠到底,爆笑】不小心被车撞的灵魂出窍,黑无常大人还不收她,硬是被狐仙姐姐抓了去,代替她完成谈恋爱的高级事情。一个女汉子,天天劳资劳资的,结果一朝变成小王妃。需要规规矩矩做事情!可惜狗改不了吃屎,她哪里会听从别人安排,为男人改变。“滚滚滚!劳资打死不会改的,要改你改!”
  • 重阳教化集

    重阳教化集

    本书为公版书,为不受著作权法限制的作家、艺术家及其它人士发布的作品,供广大读者阅读交流。汇聚授权电子版权。