back down1（不及物）退让
He backed down and accepted our proposals.他作了让步，接受了我们的建议。
He has backed down from the stand he adopted last week.他从上周采取的立场上让步了。
back down2（不及物）放弃要求、指控等
The statesman's forceful speech convinced his opponent to back down.这位政治家的强有力的演说，说服他的对手放弃了要求。
In face of our evidence，he had to back down.在我们提供的证据面前，他不得不收回其指控。
back off（不及物）后退
In order to let the big truck pass，the car backed off a bit.为了让那辆大卡车开过去，那辆小轿车后退了一点。
In face of our determined reaction，the enemy backed off.在我们的坚决回击下，敌人退却了。
back out1（不及物）不履行诺言等
Henry had agreed to help us，but backed out when he found how difficult it was.亨利曾同意帮助我们，可是当他发现这事很难办时，就不干了。
Once you've made a promise，don't try to back out.一旦你许了诺，就别想变卦了。
Mr Nelson and Mr Parker agreed on a price，but at the last moment Mr Parker backed out and would not pay it.纳尔逊先生和帕克先生就价格达成了协议，但最后帕克先生翻悔了，不愿付钱。
back out2（不及物）后退
Wilton backed out carefully to make way for the bus.威尔顿小心地把汽车往后退了一点，给那辆公共汽车让路。
We've agreed to the plan.I'm sure you'll not back out at the last moment.咱们已赞成这个计划。我确信你不会在最后关头打退堂鼓。
back out of（及物，不可分）不履行（诺言等）
Some businessmen refused to back out of the contracts.有些商人不遵守合同。
Mary backed out of her engagement.玛丽不履行婚约。
back...up1（及物，必分）支持
Will you back me up in the stormy discussion？在这场激烈争论中你会支持我吗？
I'll put the proposal to the meeting if you'll back me up.如果你支持我，我就在会上提出这个建议。
If you ask the boss for a rise in salary，I'll back you up.如果你向老板要求加薪，我将支持你。
back...up2（及物，必分）使后退
Kohl backed the car up to the foot of a wall.科尔把汽车退到墙根。
The commander gave an order to back his army up 30 kilometres.指挥官下令他的部队后退30公里。
beat down1（及物，不可分）摧毁
A storm beat down most of the wheat in the fields.一场暴风雨把田里的大部分麦子给毁了。
The enemy defences were beaten down by the missiles.敌军的防御工事被导弹摧毁了。
beat down2（及物，可分）压低
Thirst beat down my desire to eat.口渴倒了我的胃口。
Competition may beat the price down.竞争可以压低价格。
beat out（及物，可分）（在竞争中）胜过，击败
Taller basketball players often beat out shorter ones.高个子篮球运动员往往胜过矮个子。
Our team has beat our opponents out！我队击败了所有对手！
become of（不及物）发生
What became of the traitor at the end of the film？影片的末尾那卖国贼怎么样啦？
I don't know what will become of the blind man.我不知道那个盲人后来的结局如何。
What has become of the book I put here yesterday？我昨天放在这儿的那本书哪儿去了？
beg off（不及物）托词不来
Owing to her begging off，we have to cancel the get-together.由于她借口不来了，我们只好取消这次聚会。
She had promised to sing at the party，but later on she begged off on the ground of being tired.她曾答应在晚会上唱歌，但后来她以身体困倦为由推辞了。
black out1（不及物）晕厥
Born blacked out and lay on the floor without moving.博恩晕倒了，躺在地上动也不动。
After the traffic accident he blacked out and couldn't remember what happened.发生那次交通事故时，他晕厥了，记不起出了什么事。
He had a fight with the strong man，and after it he blacked out.他同那个壮汉打了一架之后就昏过去了。
At the sight of the injury she blacked out.她一看到伤口就晕倒了。
black out2（及物，不可分）对…实行灯火管制
During the war all our windows had to be blacked out at night.战时我们必须使所有窗户在夜间不露出灯光。
The municipality issued an order to black out the city and the nearby towns.市政府发布了命令，对这个城市和附近的城镇实行灯火管制。
block up（及物，可分）堵塞，阻塞
They blocked up the entrance to the basement.他们把地窖的入口堵塞了。
Crowds of spectators blocked up the traffic.成群的旁观者阻塞了交通。
The demonstrators blocked the street up.示威者阻塞了街道。
blow out1（不及物）（车胎等）爆裂，爆炸
A rear tyre of my car blew out.我的汽车的一个后轮胎爆了。
A front tyre blew out when I was driving home.在我开车回家途中一个前轮胎爆了。
blow out2（及物，可分）吹灭（灯火等）
When he tried to light his cigarette，the wind blew out the match.当他试图点燃香烟时，风把火柴吹灭了。
Jane blew the flame out.简把火焰吹灭了。
Blow the candles out before you go to bed.就寝之前请把蜡烛吹灭。
blow up1（不及物）爆裂
My bicycle tyres have blown up.我的自行车轮胎爆炸了。
Several people were injured when an ammunition depot blew up yesterday.昨天当一个弹药库爆炸的时候，有好几个人受了伤。
The bomb blew up with a deafening noise.炸弹爆炸时，轰隆声震耳欲聋。
blow up2（及物，可分）把…炸掉
Soldiers blew up the bridge.士兵们把桥炸毁了。
A high school in the town was blown up by the enemy's bombs.镇上的一所中学被敌人的炸弹炸毁了。
The guerrillas blew the enemy's hangar up.游击队员们炸毁了敌人的飞机库。
blow up3（及物，可分）使（轮胎等）膨胀
Be sure to blow up the tyres before you start for school.上学之前务必把轮胎的气打足。
Could you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres？你能借给我一个打气筒给我的自行车轮胎打气吗？
Don't blow the balloon up any further！It'll burst！别再给气球充气啦！它会炸的呀！
blurt out（及物，可分）脱口而出
"That's nonsense！"I blurted out.“那是胡说！”我脱口而出。
In anxiety the culprit blurted his accomplices out.在心慌意乱中，罪犯随口说出了他的同谋犯。
Pope blurted out an important secret before he considered its consequences.波普还没考虑到后果就随口说出了一条重要机密。
bog down1（及物，可分）使受阻
The plans for the firm were bogged down for a while.公司的计划一段时间受阻。
The construction of the new steel works was bogged down.新炼钢厂的建设停顿下来。
bog down2（不及物）停顿下来
The bold plans for higher production bogged down.提高生产的大胆计划停下来了。
The construction of the new stadium bogged down.新体育场的建设停顿下来。
boil down to（及物，不可分）归结为
The good advice we gave him boiled down to guarding against arrogance and rashness.我们给他的忠告可归结为一句话：戒骄戒躁。
The whole discussion boils down to the problem of inflation.整个讨论归结为通货膨胀问题。
The whole matter boils down to the struggle against foreign aggressors.这个事情，总起来说，就是反对外国侵略者的斗争。
His remarks boiled down to a refusal.他的话，总而言之，就是拒绝。
boil over（不及物）
Turn off the gas；the chicken soup is boiling over.把煤气关掉，鸡汤溢出来了。
The milk has boiled over.牛奶潽了。
You'd better turn the electric stove off，or else the millet gruel will boil over.你最好关掉电炉，要不然小米粥会开锅漫出来的。
break away from1（及物，不可分）脱离
The prisoner broke away from the soldiers.那囚犯逃脱了士兵的监视。
Many youngsters have broken away from the outworn rules.许多年轻人已经摆脱了陈规的束缚。
No offender could break away from punishment by law.任何罪犯都不能逃脱法律的惩罚。
About twenty members have broken away from that Party.大约有20个成员已经脱离那个党。
break away from2（及物，不可分）（和…）决裂
He broke away from all his old friends.他同他所有的老朋友都断绝了往来。
The man broke away from his family.那人与家庭断绝了关系。
These countries broke away from each other diplomatically.这些国家相互断绝了外交关系。
