The key-notes of Lincoln's course with the Executive Committee,his refusal to do anything that appeared to him to be futile,his firmness not to cast about and experiment after a policy,his basing of all his plans on the vision in his own mind of their sure fruitage--these continued to be his key-notes throughout the campaign.They ruled his action in a difficult matter with which he was quickly forced to deal.
Montgomery Blair,the Postmaster General,was widely and bitterly disliked.Originally a radical Republican,he had quarreled with that wing of the party.In 1863the Union League of Philadelphia,which elected all the rest of the Cabinet honorary members of its organization,omitted Blair.Areference to the Cabinet in the Union platform of 1864was supposed to be a hint that the Postmaster General would serve his country,if he resigned.During the dark days of the summer of 1864,the President's mail was filled with supplications for the dismissal of Blair.[1]He was described as an incubus that might cause the defeat of the Administration.
If the President's secretaries were not prejudiced witnesses,Blair had worn out his welcome in the Cabinet.He had grown suspicious.He tried to make Lincoln believe that Seward was plotting with the Copperheads.Nevertheless,Lincoln turned a deaf ear to the clamor against him.Merely personal considerations were not compelling.If it was true,as for a while he believed it was,that his election was already lost,he did not propose to throw Blair over as a mere experiment.
True to his principles he would not become a juggler with futility.
The turn of the tide in his favor put the matter in a new light.All the enemies of Blair renewed their attack on a slightly different line.One of those powerful New Englanders who had come to Lincoln's aid at such an opportune moment led off.On the second day following the news of Atlanta,Henry Wilson wrote to him,"Blair,every one hates.Tens of thousands of men will be lost to you,or will give you a reluctant vote because of the Blairs."[2]
If this was really true,the selfless man would not hesitate to'require of Blair the same sort of sacrifice he would,in other conditions,require of himself.Lincoln debated this in his own mind nearly three weeks.
Meanwhile,various other politicians joined the hue and cry.
An old friend of Lincoln's,Ebenezer Peck,came east from Illinois to work upon him against Blair.[3]Chandler,who like Wade was eager to get out of the wrong ship,appeared at Washington as a friend of the Administration and an enemy of Blair.[4]But still Lincoln did not respond.After all,was it certain that one of these votes would change if Blair did not resign?Would anything be accomplished,should Lincoln require his resignation,except the humiliation of a friend,the gratification of a pack of malcontents?And then some one thought of a mode for giving definite political value to Blair's removal.Who did it?The anonymous author of the only biography of Chandler claims this doubtful honor for the great Jacobin.Lincoln's secretaries,including Colonel Stoddard who had charge of his correspondence,are ignorant on the subject.[5]
It may well have been Chandler who negotiated a bargain with Fremont,if the story is to be trusted,which concerned Blair.
A long-standing,relentless quarrel separated these two.That Fremont as a candidate was nobody had long been apparent;and yet it was worth while to get rid of him.Chandler,or another,extracted a promise from Fremont that if Blair were removed,he would resign.On the strength of this promise,a last appeal was made to Lincoln.Such is the legend.The known fact is that on September twenty-second Fremont withdrew his candidacy.The next day Lincoln sent this note to Blair:
"You have generously said to me more than once that whenever your resignation could be a relief to me,it was at my disposal.The time has come.You very well know that this proceeds from no dissatisfaction of mine,with you personally or officially.Your uniform kindness has been unsurpassed by that of any friend."[6]
