点滴文化情
Are you an effective listener
Dr. Ralph Nichols says at the end of a lecture most collegefreshmen will have retained only half of it. Then， 48 hours laterthey will have forgotten half of what they did remember.
Want to do better than that Then， use effective listeningtechniques. Here are some ways to listen to a lecture.
1. Choose to find the subject useful.
2. Concentrate on the words and message， not on theprofessor’s looks， clothes or delivery.
3. When you hear something you're not sure you agreewith， react slowly and thoughtfully.
4. Identify the “big ideas”， those fundamental conceptsto which everything else in the lecture is related.
5. Adjust your note taking system to the lecture's pattern.
6. Stay attentive.
7. Aggressively tackle difficult material.
8. Dont get distracted by emotionally charged “buzz”words that trigger negative responses.
9. Get to know the professor personally.
你是一个积极有效的听众吗？
拉夫尔尼克尔斯博士说大一学生往往在讲座结束前只剩下一半的人数，48小时之后，几乎一半的听众都忘记在讲座上所听的内容。
你要表现更好些吗？那么，使用最有效的听讲座的技巧。以下是几种最有效的听讲座的方法。
1. 选择听有用的主题部分。
2. 重点听取讲座当中的话语、信息，而不是看教授外表、衣装或演讲的方式。
3. 当听到一些不认同的观点，深思熟虑之后再回应。
4. 辨明讲座的基本概念所围绕的主题思想。
5. 根据讲座调整笔记记录方法。
6. 保持注意力集中。
7. 主动处理难以理解的素材。
8. 不要因为杂言碎语所困扰。
9. 单独与教授谈谈，了解情况。
Section 11 课堂纪律 Class Rules
课堂上，尊重老师，尊重他人，不管是国内还是国外，都是一样的。国外有的课堂纪律可能更严格，不允许使用手机，不允许吃东西等。
口头应急句
1. Please keep your manners in the classroom.
请在教室遵守规矩一点。
2. The disciplined person will get a greater chance to success.
遵守纪律的人成功的几率更大。
3. You’re finally out of high school and ready to embrace thecollege classroom.
你们终于高中毕业，进入大学学习。
4. Dr. Steve always presents his classroom rules to the collegestudents as the very first activity of the first lesson of eachsemester.
史蒂夫博士总会在每一学期第一堂课先公布课堂规则。
5. It is important that students are respectful towards instructorsand fellow classmates.
学生对讲授者和同学的尊重是很重要的。
6. What are your Classroom Rules？
你的课堂纪律是什么？
7. Do you have a posted list of discipline in your classroom？
你们教室有关于纪律的公示栏吗？
8. It's the time to ask him to obey the rules.
是时候要求他遵守纪律了。
9. No one could teach him so that he was expelled from school.
没人能管教得了他，所以他被学校开除了。
10.No matter where you are， you have to abide by the discipline.
无论你在哪里，都要遵守纪律。
11.You'll be punished if you violate the discipline of the class.
违反课堂纪律是要被惩罚的。
12.There is， of course， a tremendous amount of variation amongdifferent colleges and different professors at the same college.
当然，在同一所大学里，不同的学院和不同的教授，变化是很大的。
13. Behavior that you present in the classroom may be reflected inthe course grade as well.
课堂行为表现在课程成绩中也有所体现。
超经典情景对话链接
经典一
She should have better manners than that？
Molly： I can't believe that girl break all of the class rules.
John： She should have better manners than that.
Molly： Not only does she bring food into the classroom， she rattles thepaper during class.
John： Yes， and she always talks while the teacher is telling the classsomething.
Molly： She should have more respect for her teacher and her classmates.
John： Professor White had said behaviors that we present in the classroommay be reflected in the course grade as well.
Molly： Maybe this just was the first warning for her.
John： Yeah， Professor White just stopped her rude behaviors and had aconversation with her.
她应该守规矩点
茉莉：我简直不敢相信那个女孩违反了所有的课堂纪律。
约翰：她应该守规矩点。
茉莉：她不但带零食进教室，而且还在课堂上摆弄纸发出很大的声音。
约翰：是的，老师讲课时，她还一直讲话。
茉莉：她应该多尊重老师和同学们。
约翰：怀特教授说过课堂行为表现也会在课程成绩当中有所体现。
茉莉：也许这次只是第一次警告。
约翰：对，怀特教授只是阻止他的粗鲁行为，并与她谈话沟通了一下。
要点提示：
have manners 有礼貌；遵守纪律 not only 不但
as well 又，也 need to 需要
have a conversation with sb. 与…人谈话 vote for 投票
make clear of 明确；清楚 even if 尽管
经典二
Professor： Good morning， Ladies and gentlemen. I am glad to see youagain. Ah， today we are going to … Excuse me. Who is whistling.
Students： Charlie was whistling.
Professor： Charlie， watch your behavior. Keep quiet， please.
Now， let's move onto … Excuse me， who is still talking at the back
Students： Sir， that was Marry and Peter.
Professor： I think we need to talk about the discipline first. I would like youto make clear of our class rules， even if you have been undergraduatestudents.
Students： Sorry， Professor.
Professor： Now， one rule in my class is to keep your mouth shut when I amtalking.
Students： Ah… Mm. Yes， sir.
教授：早上好，女士们先生们。很高兴又见到你们。今天我们将要……请问，谁在吹口哨？
学生：查理在吹口哨。
教授：查理，注意点课堂行为。请安静点。现在，我们谈到……请问谁在后面讲话？
学生：先生，那是玛丽和皮特。
教授：我认为我们需要先来谈谈课堂纪律。我想要你们明确教室纪律，尽管你们已经都是大学生了。
学生：对不起，教授。
教授：现在，我澄清一点，当我说话的时候，请闭嘴保持安静。
学生：啊……额。好的，教授。
词汇补给站
break [bre?k] v. 打破，突破
manners ['m?n?z] n. 礼貌；规矩
respect [r?'spekt] v. 尊重，敬重
behavior [b?'he?vj?] n. 行为；态度
rattle ['r?tl] v. （使）发出格格的响声；（使）发出震颤声
present ['preznt] v. 出现；展示；表现
reflect [r?'flekt] v. 反映；表达
conversation[?k?nv??sei??n] v. 交谈，会话
rude [ru：d] adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的
whistle ['w?sl] v. 吹口哨
rule [ru?l] n. 规则；规定
discipline ['d?s?pl?n] n. 纪律
undergraduate [??nd??gr?d?u?t] n. （未毕业的）大学生
shut [??t] v. 关闭；闭上（嘴等）
点滴文化情
General Class Rules in College
It is important that students are respectful towardsinstructors and fellow classmates， and that their behaviors notinterfere with nor disrupt class activities. Therefore， studentsare expected to adhere to the following rules when attendingthe classes：
1. Plan to arrive to class on time and to stay for the entireclass period (or until dismissed) because random arrivals andexits are disrespectful and distracting.
2. All cell phones， smartphones， and other electronicdevices (e.g. iPods) must be turned off (or on vibrate) andhidden from view during class time.
3. There is NO use of any electronic devices (e.g.， cellphones， iPads， smartphones， laptops， etc.) allowed duringexams and other graded in-class assignments.
4. Laptop and tablet computers are allowed for (quiet)note taking only： i.e.， other activities such as checking personale-mail or browsing the Internet are prohibited.
5. Food and beverages are NOT permitted in classrooms.
Those must be consumed in designated areas only.
